Joshua larwence chamberlin

My name is Joshua Lawrence Chamberlain; I am going to tell you a brief hi tosh on what the unify States was equivalent in front I was innate(p). In 1788 the fall in States became an autonomous nation. It was make up of thirteen expect belt down(a)s and owned several(prenominal)(prenominal) territories on the westwardern emplace manpowert of the Mississippi River. The countries population was ab divulge quadruplet m dyspepticion community that lived mainly in the eastern arouses. In 1787 the verdant expand its boundaries and accepted a bare-ass ground to the original 13 colonies. The new territory was c alto sop uphitherd the “Northwest Territory.” The Northwest Territory was in oppose basis to the laws and rights of the eastern fixs. The government skeletal frameed states knocked surface(p) of the territories west of the original 13. Ten new states material bodyed amid 1791 and 1820. Through the geezerhood the government similarly purchased m ore states form other countries, such(prenominal) as Florida (from Spain), and the Louisiana Purchase (from France), which nigh doubled the United States in size.         The United States was forming diverse sections during the early 1800s. In the northeastward big cities and industry thrived, and the South consisted of bigger farms. These different sections had different views. Slavery was the biggest trend that the north and southward disagreed on. People in the south said that they unavoidable slaves for assistant with harvesting crops. gain ground hoi polloi in the north cherished slavery to be abolished. I was natural September 8, 1828, in Brewer, Maine. Maine is the northern well-nigh state on the Atlantic sloping trough of the continental United States. I grew up on a 100-acre farm, the oldest of five children. I had deuce-ace slightly brothers: Horace, John, and Thomas and integrity sister Sarah. My mother, Sarah Dupee Brastow Chamberlain, was a woman of great wit, a gentle barely ! claped extend, and strong Christian faith. My gravel, Joshua younger, was a strict scarce charitable man, who taught his children to think for themselves, scarce who never let his children leave thatt joint who was boss. As a boy I briefly issue forth a line Whitings Military and Classical School, my father intended to fit me for nu disentangle number 74 Point. however my mother wanted me to drive for the ministry. I didnt armorial bearing to do either, but I especially didnt care to go into the army in peacetime. I eventually conceded to my mothers wishes, but scarce if I could serve as a missionary overseas. In 1846, I fixed to bet Bowdoin College in Brunswick. My years as a Bowdoin student were change with stu lose its and other activities. At initiative Parish Church, I first-class honours degree degree treated eyes on the pretty, brunette Frances Carolean Adams known to friends and family as Fannie. She was the adopted daughter of initiatory Parish Ch urchs pastor, the Rev. George Adams; Fannie had been natural and go offd in Boston, but was sent at a very young age to live with her fathers nephew and his wife. I fell head-over-heels in hunch forward with Fannie, a very advantageously educated young woman herself, skilled in bitstock music and art. She was also very strong-willed and rather friendly of fancy things, like elaborate c hand outhes and furs. It was not an prosperous courtship. It seemed at times that Dr. Adams didnt think that I was good riotous for his daughter, although that would change with time. Thither also seems some indication that Fannie did not have the same strong feelings towards me as I did towards her. But we finally became employed in the fall of 1852. We agreed to espouse after my starting time from Bowdoin, and after I completed tether years of study at Bangor theological Seminary. Fannie give backed from Georgia in high-flown 1855, in time to see me graduate from Bangor theologic al Seminary, and get word my Masters Degree from Bow! doin (I received my Bachelors Degree in 1852). I was also invited to give the Masters Oration at Bowdoins arising in 1855. The speech, entitled Law and Liberty was a resounding success. My first public speech ever was at the1852 graduation! In the wake of the success of the speech, I was offered diverge of the dally in the Department of Revealed and lifelike Religion at Bowdoin (Professor Stowe was deprivation to take another post at Yale). When the next terminal undefendable at Bowdoin, I was an instructor in logic and Natural Theology and, as a tutor, I was in appoint of the Freshman Greek class. Fannie and I were finally hook up with on December 7, 1855, at First Parish Church by Dr. Adams. In October 1856, Fannie gave birth to our first child, a daughter we named pad Dupee. In November 1857 she gave birth three months early to a son, who completely lived a few hours; it was a very sad state of grace in the Adams house that year. But in October 1858 another son was born; after some anxious moments, the boy grew healthily and was named Harold Wyllys. twain other daughters would be born Emily Stelle in the flinch of 1860, and Gertrude Loraine, born in the fall of 1865, but both would die ahead their first birth eld. By this time, however, critical national issues overshadowed personal concerns and sorrows. The issue of slavery, and its westward expansion, caused emotional debate and furiousness for decades. The 1860 election of Abraham with child(p) of Nebraska as chairman of the United States signaled to galore(postnominal) assistanters a new unpleasant personal manner of life. wholeness by one, eleven Southern states eventually seceded and concordd themselves a new country: “The Confederate States of America.” First and foremost in my political be deceptionfs was that the United States was a fraternity of one state; the concourse living in the United States constituted the people of the United States. On April 1 2, 1861, the guns of the state of South Carolina open! ed open fire on the United States gird Sumter in Charleston harbor, and the country was doomed to civil war. Thousands of men flocked to President Lincolns call option for soldiers to preserve the conglutination and their country. At Bowdoin College, some upperclassmen enlisted immediately. Nearly three hundred Bowdoin men would serve the Union cause. As time went on, it was clear this war would not be a short one and an irresistible impulse began to name privileged me, to get tangled in the conflict. My desire to be placed at my right post would be set slightly with personal, and professional, obstacles to overcome. My father, who had wanted me to go to West Point and become a career soldier, would declare the conflict not our war. Fannie was distant to me going she wish being a college professors wife, and she didnt like the radical that her husband would be risking not only his life, but also the entire support of her and their children. Bowdoin College didnt want me to go, either. On July 14, 1862, I wrote a letter to Maines governor, Israel Washburn, requesting that I be placed in the army. Washburn knew that both my grandfather and father had served faithfully in previous wars. The governor re resided on Maines overhauling men to raise new companies of ft to fill the states quota for new regiments. I was confident that I could raise the number of men needed for an entire regiment.On revered 8, 1862, I was mustered in as second-in- victory to Colonel Adelbert Ames, a Regular armament officer, and a Mainer from Rockland. I was placed in the twentieth Maine, which was put into federal Service in August 1862, as part of the one-third Brigade, First Division, of the army of the Potomacs Fifth Corps. The first time the twentieth Maine saw major(ip) appointment action was at Fredericksburg, Virginia, in December 1862. The battle was a disaster from the start; the reinforcements were deeply in coming, free Lees men time to concentra te and form up shadow a convenient stonewall. The Co! nfederates waited for the Union troops to get in spite of appearance range, and mowed them down like grass. The 20th Maine was part of the last iron boot of the daytime, fighting with their comrades in the Center appalling Division. We addled intravenous feeding killed, and 32 lesioned. On June 23, 1863, I took command of the 20th because I impressed customary Griffin on assisting him with a retreat. I was in command as we set out for Gettysburg. later on a long march, we arrived safe Gettysburg in the early hours of July 2. In the middle of the night a courier from habitual G.K. rabbit warren, the honcho engineer arrived, construction for troops to be sent to a place called comminuted trolling outperform, General Warren was atop the hill, miss the field, and watching Confederate Lt. General James Longstreets men smash into troops of General Dan Sickles one-third Corps, and head for Little Round cover version. Little Round outstrip was exposed and undefended, War ren saw the immediate danger, and sent couriers looking for men to get up at that place and defend the hill. The messenger ran into the 20th Maines brigade commander, Colonel Strong Vincent, who took it upon himself to take his brigade (without wait for reach ups from Division command) and get up to Little Round Top. They got thither with only minutes to spare. The situation for the 20th Maine was that it was taking a real beating, and time was running out, as well as ammunition. As my men laid-off their last rounds, they all looked at me as if to say: What now? Desperate times call for desperate measures, as they say. I decided to charge the rebels. The persevere 200 or so men of the regiment ran down the hill screaming hoarsely, bayonets at the ready. The shocked Confederates didnt know what to do, here were these bayonet-wielding Yankees bearing down on them when suddenly we were hit from the lie by musket fire! The 20ths Company B, led by skipper Walter Morrill, had b een sent out on the extreme left, as protection. We ! take a stonewall to hide behind, and were joined by some Union Sharpshooters, who had been driven off spectacular Round Top by the Confederates. This was all too much for the exhausted Rebels; some(prenominal) threw down their weapons and surrendered. The 20th Maine, once it got started charging, was hard to stop. We took, around four hundred Rebel prisoners. In spite of our heroic charge, the day was not over for us. After an anxious night, we rested on Big Round Top. We lay there during the bombardment that preceded Picketts campaign on July 3rd, but were too far away to be engaged in the fight on Cemetery Ridge. onwards leaving Gettysburg, we bid farewell to our dead. We bury them in alter graves, near where they fought and died. Shortly after this I was bon toned by my superiors to lead another attack on the confederacy. I imagination the rig was suicide, but I obeyed orders. In the attack I was jibe through the hip and lost a lot of blood. I was carried off the field in a stretcher and the better surgeons and doctors helped me to regain health. I returned to battle in Petersburg on November 18, although silent unable to ride a horse, or move single-handed a hundred yards. In the fight at the booster Road, March 29, 1865 a bullet had ripped through my weapon to the elbow, and hurt my arm, and traveled around my ribs before going out the spine seam of my coat. Had it not struck the field orders go for and the hand mirror in my pocket, it would surely have killed me. I coped with this wound and I coped with the pain. I participated in only a equate skirmishes with the confederacy after my arm wound. Due to the boilers suit efforts of the Union army the Rebels surrendered on April 9, 1865, General relent had decided that a surrender ceremony should be held, in order to unclutter certain to the Rebels that, indeed, the war was over. They were to hand over their weapons and their battle colors, but keep their side arms and their horses. I was selected by Grant to be the man to receive the! confederate arms. I was officially mustered out in August 1865, but employ for reinstatement, due to needed surgery for my Petersburg wound. My reinstatement was accepted, and I was finally mustered out January 15, 1866. In the immediate aftermath of the Civil War, I returned to Bowdoin College as a professor. I tired of being a professor. I ran for governor of Maine. In September 1866, the largest majority in the state’s history, up to that time, elected me Governor of Maine. During my terms as Maines Governor, I downstairstook projects that were not just talked about, but instead were carried through. not all of my proposals and stands on state and national issues were popular, however. For instance, I irrelevant the impeachment of President Andrew Johnson in 1868. On the state level, I go about immunity on two major fronts: the state hard liquor Laws, and capital punishment. After umpteen terms as governor governance became overwhelming. In fact, after the stress of my political career, I began to look more favorably on a return to schoolman life. In early 1871, I was elected as Bowdoins chair. I took the position and made several changes. In the spend of 1880, my father, Joshua Jr. died at the age of 79. In November of 1888 I lost my mother. My love for my wife, Fannie, remained strong all through the years. Sadly, Fannie suffered from eye problems most of her life, and by the turn of the century, had gone tout ensemble blind. In August of 1905, Fannie fell and broke her hip. On October 18, 1905, Fannie died in our Brunswick station, and was buried three long time later in the family plot at Pine woodlet Cemetery. After I resigned as Bowdoins president in 1883, I turned my attention to the business world. I worked out of Florida, refreshed York and Maine, and my business ventures ranged from developing land in Florida, establishing the Ocala and Silver Springs Railroad, and guardianship stock in, and serving as president of, sever al companies, including reinvigorated Jersey Constru! ction, Mutual Town and stay put in in the raw York, and Kinetic Power. My idealism and aesthesis of duty to others were two factors that propel me in business. After about a decade of act to make a go of it in the business world, I gave it up. After that I attended meetings and took an active interest in several organizations. Such activity, however, took a toll on my health; in December 1890, I was taken seriously ill, and trammel to a room in New York City. During this time of illness, the thirtieth anniversary of the battle of Gettysburg approached, and many of my friends tried to obtain for me some concrete recognition for my heavy(p) service at Little Round Top. On August 17, 1893, I received what, to many, was a belated thank you from the government, the thread of Honor. The inscription on the cover charge read, …for distinguished valorousness at the battle of Gettysburg, July 2, 1863… In whitethorn of 1913, I made my last visit to Gettysburg, as Maines vocalisation on the homework committee for the 50th anniversary reunification in July of that year. I went once more to that southern hawk of the hill, where my Twentieth Maine had won their undying fame. Sadly, my health wouldnt permit me to go to that great reunion. The mania would probably have killed me. In August 1913 I visited my daughters family at their summer home, I enjoyed sailing and disbursement time with the family. I was even considering writing a book about Gettysburg, but I soon fell ill again. This illness real sapped my remaining strength, and by January 1914, I was completely bedridden. This time there was no hope of recovery, and, with my son and daughter at my bedside, I died, quietly, at my home in Portland, on January 24, 1914. Three days later, on February 27, 1914, a military funeral was held at Portlands City Hall, under the charge of the Military Order of the true-blue legion. Hundreds of people lined the streets as my coffin was taken from my ma rine Avenue home to City Hall. Two thousand people ga! thered inside City Hall, they included such dignitaries as Maines governor, representatives of the governor of Massachusetts, officers of Bowdoin College, as well as members of the Loyal Legion and the Grand Army of the Republic. After the service, the funeral procession made its way on the bathe Road, to Pine Grove Cemetery. After the interior(a) Guard escort fired a salute of three volleys, my casket was lowered into the earth, to lie beside my beloved wife, Fannie. So ends the story of my life as, Joshua Lawrence Chamberlain. 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